ื“ืœื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื™
ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืžืงืฆื•ืข

ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืจื•ืื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ

ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืœืจื•ืื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื•ืžื’ืŸ ืžืคื ื™ ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื, ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืžืก ืฉื’ื•ื™ ื•ืจืฉืœื ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช. ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—: 3,000-8,000 ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืฉื ื” ืœืขืฆืžืื™, ืขื ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืฉืœ 1-5 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—.

3,000-8,000 ืฉ"ื— ืœืฉื ื”
ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง

ืžื”ื• ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืœืจื•ืื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ?

ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืœืจื•ืื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืœื™ืกื” ื”ืžื’ื ื” ืขืœ ืจื•ืื” ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืžืคื ื™ ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืงื•ืจืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืกืคืง. ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืžื›ืกื” ืืช ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ื•ืืช ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ืคืกืงื• ื ื’ื“ืš, ืขื“ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ืคื•ืœื™ืกื”.

ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืจื•ืื” ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื: ื˜ืขื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืก ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืœืงื•ื— ืœืงื ืกื•ืช ื›ื‘ื“ื™ื, ื”ืฉืžื˜ื” ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื›ืกืคื™ ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื˜ืขื•ืช ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื, ื•ืื™ ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืœื•ื— ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื ื–ืง ื›ืกืคื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืœืœืงื•ื—. ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”, ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืชื‘ื•ืข ืืช ืจื•ืื” ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ.

ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื“ืขืช: ืœืฉื›ืช ืจื•ืื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื›ืœ ืจื•ืื” ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืกืžืš ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ ื›ืชื ืื™ ืœืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘ืžืงืฆื•ืข. ืจื•ืื” ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉืคื•ืขืœ ืœืœื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ื•ื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืœืกื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขืชื™ื•ืช.

ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื

ืžื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—?

ืจืฉืœื ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช

ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื, ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื•ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืžืก

ื”ืฉืžื˜ื•ืช ืžื”ื•ืชื™ื•ืช

ืื™ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช

ื”ืคืจืช ื—ื•ื‘ืช ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช

ื“ืœื™ืคืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉืœ ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช

ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื•ืช

ืฉื›ืจ ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ืžืฉืคื˜

ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช

ื”ื’ื ื” ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžืฉืžืขืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืœืฉื›ืช ืจื•"ื—

ื ื–ืง ืœื ืžืžื•ื ื™

ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืœืงื•ื—

ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ื ืคื•ืฆื™ื

  • โ€ข ืžืขืฉื™ื ืคืœื™ืœื™ื™ื ืื• ื”ื•ื ืื” ืžื›ื•ื•ื ืช
  • โ€ข ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ื™ื“ื•ืขื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—
  • โ€ข ื ื–ืงื™ื ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ืคื™ื–ื™ (ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืฆื“ ื’ ื ืคืจื“)
  • โ€ข ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืจืื™ื™ืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ (ื›ืžื• ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืขืกืงื™ ื›ืœืœื™)

ื˜ื•ื•ื—ื™ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืจื•ืื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ

ืกื•ื’ ืžืฉืจื“ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉื ืชื™
ืขืฆืžืื™ / ืคืจื™ืœื ืกืจ 1-2 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— 3,000-5,000 ืฉ"ื—
ืžืฉืจื“ ืงื˜ืŸ (2-5 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื) 2-5 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— 5,000-12,000 ืฉ"ื—
ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ (6-15 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื) 5-10 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— 12,000-30,000 ืฉ"ื—
ืžืฉืจื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ + ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช 20-50 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— 50,000-150,000 ืฉ"ื—

* ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ืœืคื™ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—, ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ืช ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช, ื•ืกื•ื’ ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช (ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื/ืขืกืงื™ื™ื/ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื)

ืื™ืš ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืจื•ืื” ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ?

1

ื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืคื™ ืกื•ื’ ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช

ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืขืกืงื™ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืื• ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ืš ืฆืจื™ืš ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.

2

ื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืžื›ื•ืกื™ื

ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ืคื•ืœื™ืกื” ืžื›ืกื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืืชื” ืžืฆื™ืข: ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืžืก, ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื, ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ืžื•ืœ ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื›ื•'.

3

ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืœืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื’ื™ืœื•ื™

ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก "ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ืชื‘ื™ืขื”" (Claims Made). ื•ื“ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืš ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืœืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœืื—ืจ ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช (Extended Reporting Period).

4

ื”ืฉื•ื•ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืคื—ื•ืช 3 ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช

ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช. ื‘ืงืฉ ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžืžืกืคืจ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื•ื•ื” ืœื ืจืง ืžื—ื™ืจ ืืœื ื’ื ืชื ืื™ื, ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืช.

ืฉืืœื•ืช ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช

ืฉืืœื•ืช ื•ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืจื•ืื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ

ืžื” ืžื›ืกื” ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืœืจื•ืื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ?
ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืœืจื•ืื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืžื›ืกื” ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื, ื”ืฉืžื˜ื•ืช ืžื”ื•ืชื™ื•ืช, ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืžืก ืฉื’ื•ื™, ืื™ ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืก, ื•ื ื–ืงื™ื ืฉื ื’ืจืžื• ืœืœืงื•ื— ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืจืฉืœื ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช. ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื›ื•ืœืœ ื’ื ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืœื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื•ืช.
ื”ืื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืจื•ืื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ?
ื›ืŸ, ืœืคื™ ืชืงื ื•ืช ืจื•ืื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ, ื›ืœ ืจื•ืื” ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืกืžืš ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ ื›ืชื ืื™ ืœืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘ืžืงืฆื•ืข. ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืชื ื” ืœืคื™ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช.
ื›ืžื” ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืจื•ืื” ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™?
ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืจื•ืื” ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ื ืขื” ื‘ื™ืŸ 3,000-8,000 ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืฉื ื”, ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ (1-5 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—), ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช, ืกื•ื’ ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช (ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ืื• ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช), ื•ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช.
ืžื” ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืงื˜ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ?
ืžืฉืจื“ ืงื˜ืŸ (1-3 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื) ื™ืฉืœื 3,000-6,000 ืฉ"ื— ืœืฉื ื” ืขื ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืฉืœ 1-2 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—. ืžืฉืจื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืขื ืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื•ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ 10-50 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื•ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉืœ 15,000-80,000 ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืฉื ื”.
ื”ืื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืžื›ืกื” ื’ื ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“?
ื›ืŸ, ืคื•ืœื™ืกืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ืช ืžื›ืกื” ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžืชืžื—ื™ื ื•ืจื•ืื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ื™ืจื™ื, ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื”ื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื•ื‘ื”ืจืฉืืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“.

ืฆืจื™ืš ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช?

ื”ืฉื•ื•ื” ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช - ื‘ื—ื™ื ื ื•ืœืœื ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช

ืงื‘ืœ ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ
ืงื‘ืœ ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ื—ื™ื ื