ื“ืœื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื™
ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืžืงืฆื•ืข

ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ

ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืœืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืคื™ ื›ืœืœื™ ืœืฉื›ืช ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ. ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืžื’ืŸ ืžืคื ื™ ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืจืฉืœื ื•ืช, ื”ื—ืžืฆืช ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื, ื•ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช. ืขืœื•ืช: 3,000-8,000 ืฉ"ื— ืœืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™.

3,000-40,000 ืฉ"ื— ืœืฉื ื”
ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืœืฉื›ื”

ืžื”ื• ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืœืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ?

ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืœืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ืžื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ืžืคื ื™ ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืงื•ืจืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืกื™ืคืงื•. ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืžื›ืกื” ืืช ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ื•ืืช ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ืคืกืงื•, ืขื“ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื‘ืคื•ืœื™ืกื”.

ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืœืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืจืฉืœื ื•ืช. ื”ื—ืžืฆืช ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื ื•ืช, ื˜ืขื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ืกื•ื— ื—ื•ื–ื”, ืื• ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืฉื’ื•ื™ - ื›ืœ ืืœื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉืงืœื™ื. ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ื•ื ืจืฉืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืš.

ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืœืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช: ื”ื—ืžืฆืช ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื’ืฉืช ืขืจืขื•ืจ, ืื™ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืขืจืช ืื–ื”ืจื” ื‘ืขืกืงืช ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ, ื˜ืขื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ืกื•ื— ืฆื•ื•ืื” ืฉื ืคืกืœื”, ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืžืก ืฉื’ืจื ืœืงื ืกื•ืช, ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืคื’ืข ื‘ืœืงื•ื—.

ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื

ืžื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—?

ืจืฉืœื ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช

ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ, ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’, ื•ื ื™ืกื•ื— ืžืกืžื›ื™ื

ื”ื—ืžืฆืช ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื

ืื™ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื’ืฉืช ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช, ืขืจืขื•ืจื™ื, ืžืกืžื›ื™ื

ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ืžืกืžื›ื™ื

ื ื–ืง ื‘ืฉืœ ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ืื• ื”ืฉืžื“ืช ืžืกืžื›ื™ื

ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื•ืช

ืฉื›ืจ ืขื•"ื“ ืœื”ื’ื ื” ื•ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ืžืฉืคื˜

ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžืฉืžืขืชื™ื™ื

ื”ื’ื ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืืชื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืœืฉื›ื”

ืžืขื™ืœื” ื‘ื›ืกืคื™ ื ืืžื ื•ืช

ื’ื ื™ื‘ื” ืžื›ื•ื•ื ืช (ืœื ืžื›ื•ืกื”)

ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ื ืคื•ืฆื™ื

  • โ€ข ืžืขื™ืœื” ื‘ื›ืกืคื™ ื ืืžื ื•ืช ืื• ื’ื ื™ื‘ื” ืžื›ื•ื•ื ืช
  • โ€ข ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืคืœื™ืœื™ืช ืื• ื”ืคืจื” ืžื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืง
  • โ€ข ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—
  • โ€ข ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžืฉืจื“

ื˜ื•ื•ื—ื™ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ

ืกื•ื’ ืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื” ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉื ืชื™
ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ (ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื) 1-2 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— 3,000-6,000 ืฉ"ื—
ืขืฆืžืื™ (ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ, ืœื™ื˜ื™ื’ืฆื™ื”) 2-5 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— 5,000-10,000 ืฉ"ื—
ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ (5-15 ืขื•"ื“) 5-15 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— 15,000-40,000 ืฉ"ื—
ืžืฉืจื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ (ืžืกื—ืจื™, M&A) 20-100+ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— 60,000-200,000+ ืฉ"ื—

* ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ืœืคื™ ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง, ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช, ื•ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ืช ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช

ืื™ืš ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ?

1

ื”ืชืื ืืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืœืกื•ื’ ื”ืชื™ืงื™ื

ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฆืจื™ืš ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ืคืœื™ืœื™. ื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืชื™ืงื™ื ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืกื™ื™ื ืฉืœืš.

2

ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืœื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžืฉืžืขืชื™ื™ื

ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืืชื™ืงื” ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ืงืจื•ืช. ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ืคื•ืœื™ืกื” ืžื›ืกื” ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื’ื ื” ื’ื ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžื•ืœ ื”ืœืฉื›ื”.

3

ื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืชืืจื™ืš ื”ืจื˜ืจื•ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™

ืคื•ืœื™ืกื•ืช Claims Made ืžื›ืกื•ืช ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื”ืขื‘ืจ ืจืง ืขื“ ืœืชืืจื™ืš ืžืกื•ื™ื. ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืืชื” ื•ืชื™ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืชืืจื™ืš ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืงื“ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.

4

ืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืจืฆืฃ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™

ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—, ื’ื ืœืชืงื•ืคื” ืงืฆืจื”, ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืžื”ืขื‘ืจ. ื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืคื•ืœื™ืกื” ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื›ืœ ืฉื ื”.

ืฉืืœื•ืช ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช

ืฉืืœื•ืช ื•ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ

ืžื” ืžื›ืกื” ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืœืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ?
ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืžื›ืกื” ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืจืฉืœื ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช: ื”ื—ืžืฆืช ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื ื•ืช, ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ืกื•ื— ื—ื•ื–ื™ื, ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืฉื’ื•ื™, ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ืžืกืžื›ื™ื, ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ื•ืื™ ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื ืื•ืช. ื”ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ื ื” ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžืฉืžืขืชื™ื™ื.
ื”ืื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ?
ื›ืŸ, ืœืคื™ ื›ืœืœื™ ืœืฉื›ืช ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ื›ืœ ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ืคืขื™ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื›ืชื ืื™ ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืœืฉื›ื”. ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ื™ื ื ืงื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ื ื•ืžืชืขื“ื›ื ื™ื ืžืขืช ืœืขืช.
ื›ืžื” ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ?
ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ื™ืฉืœื 3,000-8,000 ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืฉื ื” ืขื ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™. ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ (5-15 ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ) ื™ืฉืœื 15,000-40,000 ืฉ"ื—. ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืขื ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ืฉืœืžื• ื™ื•ืชืจ.
ื”ืื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืžื›ืกื” ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ?
ื›ืŸ, ืคื•ืœื™ืกื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก Claims Made ื•ืžื›ืกื•ืช ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืฉืžื•ื’ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—, ื’ื ืื ื”ื˜ืขื•ืช ื‘ื•ืฆืขื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจ (ื‘ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœืชืืจื™ืš ื”ืจื˜ืจื•ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™). ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืจืฆืฃ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™.
ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืขื™ืกื•ืง?
ื›ืŸ. ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ื•ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ, ื“ื™ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืขื ื ืืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช, ื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื’ืฆื™ื” ืžืกื—ืจื™ืช ื ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืคืœื™ืœื™ ืื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžืฉืชื ื” ื‘ื”ืชืื.

ืฆืจื™ืš ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช?

ื”ืฉื•ื•ื” ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช - ื‘ื—ื™ื ื ื•ืœืœื ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช

ืงื‘ืœ ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ
ืงื‘ืœ ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ื—ื™ื ื