ื“ืœื’ ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื™
ืžื“ืจื™ืš ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™

ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—

ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ื•ื ืžืชื•ื•ืš ื‘ื™ื ื›ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—. ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ื ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ื”ืฆืขื•ืช, ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ืžืชืื™ื, ื•ืœื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืชื›ื ื‘ืขืช ืชื‘ื™ืขื”. ืื‘ืœ ืžืชื™ ื‘ืืžืช ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื”ื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ืกื•ื›ืŸ, ื•ืžืชื™ ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช? ื‘ืžื“ืจื™ืš ื–ื” ื ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ื›ืœ.

ืกื•ื’ื™ ืกื•ื›ื ื™ื

ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกื•ื’ื™ ืกื•ื›ื ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—

ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœื›ื

1

ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืฉื›ื™ืจ (ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื”)

ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ืช ื•ืžื•ื›ืจ ืจืง ืืช ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื”

ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช:

  • ืžื›ื™ืจ ืœืขื•ืžืง ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”
  • ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืžื”ื™ืจ
  • ื’ื™ืฉื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ืœื—ื™ืชื•ื

ื—ืกืจื•ื ื•ืช:

  • ืžืฆื™ืข ืจืง ืžื•ืฆืจ ืื—ื“ - ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื•
  • ืื™ื ื˜ืจืก ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ื’ื ืื ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื›ื™ ืžืชืื™ื
  • ืคื—ื•ืช ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™

ืžืชืื™ื ืœ: ืžื™ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ืจ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืจ

2

ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ (ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืœืœื™)

ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขื ืžืกืคืจ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ื”ืฆืขื•ืช

ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช:

  • ืžืฉื•ื•ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช
  • ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ
  • ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ

ื—ืกืจื•ื ื•ืช:

  • ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ืžื›ื™ืจ ืœืขื•ืžืง ื›ืœ ืžื•ืฆืจ
  • ืขืžืœื•ืช ืžืฉืชื ื•ืช ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื”
  • ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืืจื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ

ืžืชืื™ื ืœ: ืžื™ ืฉืจื•ืฆื” ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื•ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ

3

ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™

ื‘ืขืœ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ื•ื”ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ

ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช:

  • ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืคื ืกื™ื”
  • ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืœืงื•ื— (ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื ืืžื ื•ืช)
  • ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืง

ื—ืกืจื•ื ื•ืช:

  • ืขืœื•ืช ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ (ืžืฉื•ืœื ืข"ื™ ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืื• ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื™)
  • ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื

ืžืชืื™ื ืœ: ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืคื ืกื™ื”, ืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ ืžื ื”ืœื™ื

ืžืชื™ ืœื”ื™ืขื–ืจ

ืžืชื™ ื›ื“ืื™ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืกื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—?

ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืžื•ืจื›ื‘

ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช:

ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืขืกืงื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ื’ื™ืœ 50ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืขื ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ

ื”ืžืœืฆื”: ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืžืื•ื“ ืœื”ื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ืกื•ื›ืŸ

ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช

ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช:

ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืจื›ื‘ ืœื ื”ื’ ื—ื“ืฉื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื“ื™ืจื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืคื•ืœื™ืกื” ื™ืงืจื”

ื”ืžืœืฆื”: ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ืกื•ืš ืœื›ื ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื›ืกืฃ

ื”ื’ืฉืช ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช

ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช:

ืชื‘ื™ืขืช ื ื–ืงื™ ื’ื•ืฃืชื‘ื™ืขื” ืฉื ื“ื—ืชื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืขืœ ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ื™

ื”ืžืœืฆื”: ื”ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืชื›ื ืžื•ืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”

ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืคื ืกื™ื”

ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช:

ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ืงืจื ื•ืชื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉืงืขื”ืžืฉื™ื›ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื

ื”ืžืœืฆื”: ืคื ื• ืœื™ื•ืขืฅ ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ืžื•ืจืฉื”

ืขืžืœื•ืช

ืื™ืš ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—?

ื”ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขืžืœื” ืžื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— - ืœื ืžืžื›ื. ื”ื ื” ื”ื˜ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื:

ืกื•ื’ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—
ืขืžืœื”
ื”ืขืจื”
ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืจื›ื‘
10-20%
ืžื”ืคืจืžื™ื” ื”ืฉื ืชื™ืช
ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื“ื™ืจื”
15-25%
ืžื”ืคืจืžื™ื” ื”ืฉื ืชื™ืช
ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช
20-40%
ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ืื—"ื› ืคื—ื•ืช
ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื—ื™ื™ื
30-100%
ืžื”ืคืจืžื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” + ื”ื™ื•ื•ืŸ
ืคื ืกื™ื”
0.25-1%
ืžื”ืฆื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ืฉื ืชื™ืช

ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื“ืขืช: ื”ืขืžืœื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื’ื•ืœืžืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืคื•ืœื™ืกื”. ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื–ื”ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืชืจื›ืฉื• ื“ืจืš ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืื• ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื”. ืื ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืžืฆื™ืข ืžื—ื™ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ - ืžืฉื”ื• ืœื ื‘ืกื“ืจ.

ืื™ืš ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื˜ื•ื‘?

5 ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉื›ื“ืื™ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ืกื•ื›ืŸ

1

ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ?

ื‘ื“ืงื• ื‘ืืชืจ ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ

2

ืขื ื›ืžื” ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช?

ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขื ืœืคื—ื•ืช 3-4 ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช

3

ืฉื•ืืœ ืฉืืœื•ืช?

ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืœื ืฉื•ืืœ - ืœื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื

4

ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช?

ืื ืœื ื”ื‘ื ืชื - ื–ื” ืœื ืืชื, ื–ื” ื”ื•ื

5

ื–ืžื™ืŸ ื›ืฉืฆืจื™ืš?

ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื•ื ื” ื’ื ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืจื›ืฉืชื

ืฉืืœื•ืช ื•ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช

ืฉืืœื•ืช ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช ืขืœ ืกื•ื›ื ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—

ื”ืื ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืขื•ืœื” ื›ืกืฃ?

ืœื ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ื”ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขืžืœื” ืžื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—, ืœื ืžืžืš. ื”ืขืžืœื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื’ื•ืœืžืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืคื•ืœื™ืกื” - ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืชืจื›ื•ืฉ ื“ืจืš ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืื• ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื”. ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื ืœื”ื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืื ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ.

ื”ืื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—?

ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช. ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืคื ื• ืœื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืฉื• ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืคื•ืœื™ืกื” ืœืกื•ื›ืŸ ืื—ืจ ืื• ืœื ื”ืœ ืื•ืชื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ื•ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืœื ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืชื ืื™ ื”ืคื•ืœื™ืกื”.

ืžื” ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืœื™ื•ืขืฅ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—?

ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืžื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขืžืœื” ืžื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—. ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืœืงื•ื—, ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืžืฉื•ืœื ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืœืงื•ื— ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—.

ืื™ืš ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื˜ื•ื‘?

ื‘ื“ืงื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ (ื‘ืืชืจ ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ), ืฉืืœื• ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื•ื•ื“ืื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขื ืžืกืคืจ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช (ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™) ื•ืœื ืจืง ืขื ืื—ืช. ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืฉื•ืืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉืืœื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืœื™ืกื”.

ื”ืื ื”ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืื—ืจืื™ ืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ื” ืขื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—?

ื”ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืื—ืจืื™ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื›ื ืืช ืชื ืื™ ื”ืคื•ืœื™ืกื” ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื. ืื ื”ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื˜ืขื” ืืชื›ื ืื• ืœื ื’ื™ืœื” ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื”ื•ืชื™, ื”ื•ื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืฉืืช ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช. ืชืžื™ื“ ืฉืžืจื• ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชื›ืชื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช.

ืžื” ืขื“ื™ืฃ - ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืื• ืืชืจ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื”?

ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืฆื•ืจืš. ืืชืจ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืจื›ื‘ ืื• ื ืกื™ืขื•ืช - ืžื”ื™ืจ ื•ื ื•ื—. ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืขืกืง ืื• ืคื ืกื™ื” - ืฉื ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘. ืืคืฉืจ ื’ื ืœืฉืœื‘: ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ื‘ืืชืจ ื•ืื– ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฅ ืขื ืกื•ื›ืŸ.
ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืžื”ืฉื˜ื—

ืžืชื™ ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืฉื™ื ื” ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื”

ื ื”ื’ืช ืฆืขื™ืจื” โ€” ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื—ืกืš 3,200 ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืฉื ื”

ืฉื™ืจื”, 23, ืคื ืชื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœื—ื‘ืจืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืื—ืช ื•ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ื”ืฆืขื” ืœ-8,400 ืฉ"ื— ืœืฉื ื”. ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ืฉืขื‘ื“ ืขื 4 ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืฆื ืœื” ืคื•ืœื™ืกื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ื‘-5,200 ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืœื‘ื“ โ€” ืขื ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ื–ื”ื™ื. ืชื•ืš ืฉื ื” ื—ืกื›ื” 3,200 ืฉ"ื—.

ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ืฉื ื“ื—ืชื” โ€” ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืคืš ืื•ืชื” ืœื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ

ืขืžื™ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ื“ื—ื™ื™ื” ืขืœ ืชื‘ื™ืขืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ 42,000 ืฉ"ื—. ื”ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืœื• ื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืคื•ืœื™ืกื” ืœืขื•ืžืง, ื›ืชื‘ ืขืจืขื•ืจ ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ื‘ื”ืคื ื™ื” ืœืกืขื™ืคื™ื ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื. ืชื•ืš 3 ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช: ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืžืœื ืœืชื‘ื™ืขื”. ืœืœื ืกื•ื›ืŸ โ€” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืื™ื‘ื•ื“.

ืกื•ื›ืŸ "ื—ื‘ืจื”" โ€” ื›ืฉื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืก ืœื ืฉืœื›ื

ืจื•ืŸ ืคื ื” ืœืกื•ื›ืŸ ืฉื›ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ืช ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืขืกืง. ื”ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืœื™ืกื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื•. ื—ืฆื™ ืฉื ื” ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื’ื™ืœืชื” ืฉื—ื‘ืจื” ืื—ืจืช ืžืฆื™ืขื” ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื“ื•ืžื” ื‘-35% ืคื—ื•ืช. ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ืฆื ื–ืืช ืžืจืืฉ.

ื˜ื™ืคื™ื ืžืขืฉื™ื™ื

5 ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืŸ

  1. 1

    ืขื ื›ืžื” ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืืชื” ืขื•ื‘ื“?

    ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขื ืœืคื—ื•ืช 4โ€“5 ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช. ืคื—ื•ืช ืž-3 โ€” ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœ ืžื“ื™. ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื—ืช โ€” ื–ื” ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืฉื›ื™ืจ, ืœื ืขืฆืžืื™.

  2. 2

    ืžื” ื”ืขืžืœื” ืฉืœืš ืขืœ ื”ืคื•ืœื™ืกื” ื”ื–ื•?

    ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ ื‘ืคืชื™ื—ื•ืช. ื”ืขืžืœื” ื’ืœื•ืžื” ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืคื•ืœื™ืกื”, ืื– ื”ื™ื ืœื "ืขื•ืœื” ืœื›ื" โ€” ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื”.

  3. 3

    ืžื” ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืœื™ืกื”?

    ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื ืžืง ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ืžื” ืœื ืžื›ื•ืกื” โ€” ืœื ืžื›ื™ืจ ืžืกืคื™ืง ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ืจ.

  4. 4

    ืื™ืš ืชืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื™ ื‘ืขืช ืชื‘ื™ืขื”?

    ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืœื•ื•ื” ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช โ€” ืžื•ื›ืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืžืงืฉืจ ืžื•ืœืš ื•ืžื•ืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื’ื ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืช.

  5. 5

    ื”ืื ื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืš ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ?

    ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืืžืช ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ. ืกื•ื›ืŸ ืœืœื ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืงืฃ โ€” ืืœ ืชื—ืชืžื•. ื‘ื“ืงื• ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืกื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื™ื.

ืจื•ืฆื” ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžื•ืชืืžืช ืื™ืฉื™ืช?

ื”ืฉืื™ืจื• ืฉื ื•ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ โ€” ื ืฉื•ื•ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช. ื—ื™ื ื ื•ืœืœื ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช.

ืงื‘ืœ ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ื—ื™ื ื